Mosques and Architecture

The mosque is the place of worship of Muslims. Masjid means a place prostration. In addition to places of worship mosques also a Muslim community living center. Activities - celebration activities, discussion, religious studies, lectures and study of the Qur'an are often held in mosques. Even in Islamic history, the mosque helped play a part in social activities until the military.

Viewed from etymology Masjid means a place of worship. The root word of the mosque is sajada which means sajada prostrate or bow. The word mosque itself rooted in Aramaic. The word masgid (msgd) found in an inscription of the 5th century BC. The word masgid (msgd) means "sacred pole" or "place of gods".
The towers, as well as a large dome of the mosque, it was as a prime witness how medieval Islamic period. The mosque has been through a series of years the longest in history until now. Starting from the Crusades to the Gulf War. For more than 1000 years anyway, mosque architecture began to slowly adjust the mosque building with modern architecture.
The first mosque was established when the Prophet Muhammad arrived in Medina, he decided to build a mosque, now known by the name of the Prophet's Mosque, which means the Prophet's Mosque. Prophet's Mosque is situated in the center of the medina. Prophet's Mosque was built in a large field. In the Prophet's Mosque, there is also a pulpit that is often used by the Prophet Muhammad. Masjid Nabawi into the heart of Medina at that time. The mosque is used for political activities, urban planning, determining military strategy, and to have an agreement. In fact, in the area around the mosque is used as a temporary shelter by the poor people. Currently, the Grand Mosque, Masjid Nabawi and Masjid al-Aqsa is the third holiest mosque in the world.
Then outside the mosque was built in the Arabian Peninsula, as the Muslims living outside the Arabian Peninsula. Egypt became the first area occupied by the Muslim Arabs in 640. Since then, the capital of Egypt, Cairo is filled with mosques. Therefore, Cairo dubbed the city of a thousand minarets. Some mosques in Cairo serves as an Islamic school or madrassa even as a hospital. Mosques in Sicily and Spain do not mimic the architectural design of the Visigoths, but mimicked Moorish architecture. Scientists then estimated that the pre-Islamic form of the building was transformed into a form of Islamic architectural style Andalus and Maghreb, as an example of a horseshoe arch in the mosque doors

  Great Mosque Ponorogo
After Islam spread throughout the region and is growing rapidly ponorogo then established a mosque in the west of the city center is the Great Mosque Roxburgh Roxburgh. The mosque is located to the west of the square. Great Mosque stands very sturdy and majestic mosques and functions until now have not changed from the past until now, actually stood there before the mosque is one of the mosques that are still associated with this mosque, the mosque Tegalsari before standing over the Grand Mosque of Ponorogo, but in this book will discuss ponorogo grand mosque. The location of the mosque is right in the center west kotoa together are like in other cities, the mosque has always been in the west the town square, it can be inferred from the similarity of the cities in Indonesia showed that the mosque is located in the west to indicate the direction. Great Mosque Ponorogo always exploited and used as necessary, founder ponorogo grand mosque is the son of the seven Bathoro Katong which used to be the duke in ponorogo around the year 18 .. This mosque is built like the other mosques, the building of this mosque using wooden poles to support a large and sturdy. The first building ponorogo grand mosque has similarities to the mosque tegal sari in Jetis ponorogo also bertinag wood. Ponorogo grand mosque at the center of the Muslim congregation in the area of ​​good ponorogo Friday prayers, the feast, and Eid al-Adha, and the five obligatory prayers. Back in front of the mosque is teradapat a terminal bus stops in the city or town anatar. Once the terminal is considered disturbing presence for worshipers in the mosque ponorogo, eventually terminal evicted and moved 2km east of downtown. And the former is used as a parking station for pilgrims ponorogo grand mosque. Thus, proving that Islam entered ponorogo

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Life in the Village People Who Have Sudowayah Mental retardation and Physical

From the story of locals who do not have a physical or mental disorder, in the village Sidoharjo masyaraktnya have abnormalities due to inbreeding marriages between relatives are brothers who love each other, the relationship is opposed by local residents and eventually both sisters and even then expelled from his hometown and live in a mountains in the village Krebet.The two brothers make a family who has a child, but the child was born had a very strange disorder that is physically and mentally handicapped. From the beginning there was the people we need to consider the fate and life are in desperate need of help. In this case, the exact cause can be determined Sidoharjo have mental retardation due to inbreeding.Inbreeding (sexual relations conducted by an individual in a family with other family members, both father and child, mothers with children, grandparents with grandchildren, brother with sister) partially included into crime or sexual abuse, where sexual behavior can be persecution physical or non-physical, by people who are older or have a power that aims to satisfy the sexual desires culprit.All that happened till now we can not tackle with anything because in the body of a person who suffers from a physical or mental disorder have an abnormal gene, if there is a genetic mutation in the population, on-farm will tend to promote a more extensive mutation. Genetic diseases typical increase in breeding is a recessive genetic disease. Close relatives who are married may have a common ancestor that had a mutation recessive disease, but did not get any disease because they do not have a second mutation. Change the higher of the two is likely to be relatively close to the same mutation, and thus become "genetic carriers" for recessive diseases. If they produce children, children are much more likely to actually have the full version of recessive disease symptoms.According to most local people said the same story I assume that poverty is happening in this area is not a factor of malnutrition but occur because of heredity, and the disease will continue to decline to the children they gave birth and the disease can not be prevented. People judge this village due to malnutrition, which is always debated by everyone what when the news broke on television. This story never aired disalahsatu private tv but what the response taken off from reality, the population is said to be malnourished because people do not have a livelihood. That picture is in Bena society around us today.
The pattern of life is all a person's behavior in a region or community. The pattern of life in the village is very interesting Sidoharjo weeks to discuss because it has a good personality despite having mental retardation. Most of the residents of the village community Sidoharjo mental retardation resulting memiliiki they can not work like normal people. The impact of all of that resulted in their poor economy, to cover the shortfall in the economy, they plant vegetables in the front or side of their home and hsilnya to eat everyday. That way their lives can still be fought. From observations I studied every day they eat less nutritious foods, foods eaten every day is a rice tiwul. Tiwul rice is rice made from dried cassava puree and then cooked again like rice. That's every day food because they can not afford to buy rice for food every day. Although they were poor and physically handicapped and mentally but they have a sense of helping each other is very high, they are very dijunjung.Jumlah kinship population is approximately Sidoharjo are 200 people who have mental retardation that was still a lot of people who have mental retardation are not valid or recorded with certainty. They live in a remote mountain away from the hustle of the city, some are even living on the summit of the mountain. Residents whose homes were far above the mountains without electricity, so to illuminate their homes should be channeled from their neighbors who have rumsh Liran flow of electricity.
     Judging from the pattern of life of the residents of the village of Sidoharjo have a sense of independence and have a very close kinship and upheld. Like when I was dating researching into this village, the people are very friendly and open attitude, as if responding well there is nothing covered, even merka not shy when being photographed and asked about the life they lead every day.
      Life of concern in terms of social and economic aspects as well as mental retardation dibaliki still has an attitude of tolerance is so high and the need to maintain harmony in the preformance of kinship that exists of his ancestors to the weaknesses sekarang.dalam Sidoharjo never despair in life despite in a just a normal family but has a sense of responsibility in maintaining and caring for a family member who has a mental or physical disorder. In this case I have some pictures that I can take, I took this picture while before sunset because kauh area of ​​town and have to travel a great distance lama.lampiran 1, Appendix 2, Appendix 3, Appendix 4.
     That was some evidence of how the residents of a small community in the backwardness Sidoharjo remember to Allah SWT. In taking this photo I did not encounter resistance, because people Sidoharjo happy if there are foreigners who visit the area. In a visit to the home of a resident who has a mental and physical retardation treated us very well. That is the hallmark of the community Sidoharjo always open to any person who come there.
Efforts that have been taken by the government so far has been quitetangggap, the government has done in areas of infrastructure improvement Sidoharjo village by building bridges and also build substation in each place. The government also held a variety of socialization such as health posts and outreach that has been repeatedly done.Of all the efforts made by the government was notshowed significant progress, it still remains as before. Many factors that cause knapa all government efforts yielded no results, factors, among others,1. Heredity2. Factors Thought, mental and spiritual3. Environmental factors or Territory
It is this factor that causes population Sidoharjo incapable.Heredity is one of the main causes of the progress of a population. Heredity factors for traits of a mother who gave birth, all sifaat and body will certainly pass to his son, begitujuga Sidoharjo population. If the mother suffers from a mental disorder or ayanya akam decreased in children because the genes that make the hybrid gene is recessive or dominant.This meant that people have mental retardation mupun Sidoharjo physical, caused by the descent that lasted until today.Factors Thought, Mental, and Psycho is a cause incapable Sidoharjo village. They are unable to develop because his thoughts are limited and unable to accept what was saidThe third factor is a Regional Environmental Factors or causes kemudnuran a village. Sidoharjo villages located far from the city center is situated in the mountains. To go through the village from the town center as far as 20 km westward Roxburgh, of the road is not so easy, before it got as far as 5 km Dessa Sidoharjo way to go is the form of MacAdam (the stone are arranged neatly covered ground) when the rain is dangerous riders who crossed the road because the road was slippery and muddy.According to (Sawitri Supardi: 2005) suggests other factors are:(1) The state of the pinch, where girls even become the main female figure who takes care of the family and household as a substitute mother.(2) Sexual difficulties in the elderly, fathers are not able to cope with sexual urges.(3) The inability of the father to seek sexual partners outside the house because kehutuhan to maintain the facade patriachat its stability properties.(4) The fear of family breakdown that allows multiple family members to better pick than a broken structural disintegration at all.(5) Sanctions veiled women who did not participate in the sexual demands of the role as a wife.(6) Monitoring and less educated parents because of busy people work for a living can loosen supervision by parents possible incest.(7) a normal teenager at the time they are teenagers sex drive is so high because of the impressions that evoke lust instinct also play a part in this.
In addition there are many other factors and still stout things that have not been unearthed in the village Sidoharjo it. Life lived very heavy and unimaginable hardship suffered more people in this village and only resigned to fate and always give thanks to Allah SWT.

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TEMPLE HINDU SADON patterned in Magetan

LOCATION OF TEMPLEThe temple is located in the hamlet Sadon Sadon, Cepoko Village, District Panekan, Magetan, East Java Province, which is next to the highway-Panekan Magetan. although the name of the temple is a temple Sadon, which is the name of the village is located, but the local people call it by name Reog Temple, as the ruins of the temple there Sadon Kalamakara, Kala giant statue that looked like a tiger's head on dhadhakmerak. Dhadhakmerak which is decorated with a tiger's head mask bulumerak arrangement around it. This mask is the character attributes in the arts reog Singabarong. Dhadak peacock mask the overall weight of 30-40 kg is usually worn by the dancers Singabarong. This temple is a relic of King Airlangga, but it was unknown exactly when and for what the temple is rebuilt.
TEMPLE EVENTIn 1966, the stones of the temple was destroyed by a group of people who are not responsible. In 1969, spearheaded as the Head of Development Sutaryono Magetan culture, held the realignment of the stones Sadon temple ruins. Among the ruins of the historical relics there Kalamakara statues, dragon statues, stone animal picture, former pedestals, yoni, and which is the corner stone of the temple. In addition, the area also has three inscribed stones. According Sarnu of History and Archaeology Service Magetan, writing in the three stone rings PA PA-A-KA-LA, SA DA KRA PA and BA-MA DA SA PA SRI-DA-BA-HA-LA. Of his writings or square-shaped beam, it is estimated that the inscribed stone came from the same period the inscriptions found in the hamlet Pledokan, Kediri, East Java.Then to the east of the temple complex Sadon, exactly in front of the village cemetery, there is a small temple called the Temple of RecA cow (cow statue), very small size of this temple. The temple is a Hindu temple was discovered in 1971 by Sudiro, the local population. When found, the temple is covered with bamboo groves. The temple consists of five RecA cow statue, which is stable RecA, RecA feed (cattle feeders), RecA Omben (drinking cow), RecA Capil (cowboy hat statue) and RecA forked (milestone tether strap where the cow). These five statues are believed to be the embodiment of herding cattle and equipment owned or Maesadanu Dadhung Awuk, shepherd figures in local legend.Heritage statues in DESA CEPOKO 

•  In Mulyo hamlet northwest direction approximately 300m from the temple there are two relics sadon, while the band name, considering the place looks like a tub of water and no shower. While people interpret it decided where Brahmins give the holy water in religious ceremonies. 
• northeast direction from the main temple there are also approximately 500m heritage stone that looks like the village Mulyo so the same function.
• Next to approximately 800 m southeast of the temple sadon stone relics found again as above.
• At a distance of approximately 100m from the temple of stone relics sadon again found his form and shape of the house cow. 
• In the hamlet senok approximately 600m from the temple sadon or approximately 100m from the road-Magetan panekan penginggalan was also found, but this is a statue of a daughter who seems fine healthy, wise and graceful. This statue is very high artistic value, described a daughter who was sitting quietly, his hand holding a lotus and another pertolo / pitcher, who interpreted containing the water of life. This statue is called putrid or statue goddess statues (the goddess of life).

THE STORY OF THE COMMUNITY and FAITHpublic confidence that the temple sadon / Reyog temple attended by the spirits that guard named Dadung Kawuk a puppet as a shepherd in the story of the buffalo demon maeso danu. Because the name of the temple / statue Reyog, while Reyog it is the name of the folk arts of all forms of art around (reyog-tandak/ledek/waranggono) in order to be successful and get a windfall should first play at the temples Reyog or in the Java language Gladden there (Reyog temple), otherwise it would meet with misfortune or bad luck. Except that if they want to get the fortune / success of his work is in (on time) might not work sedaoat Reyog back to the temple. Believe / not is up to yourself but in general the rural hamlet sadon cepoko not want to look for both outward and inward riskNAME OF TRUST BY THE TEMPLE SADONAccording to the cultural, Sadon name comes from the word meaning asad Sad or not, Don was taken from the word ti ¬ padudon or not there is contention. Others have argued that Sadon name comes from the word 'Sadu'. Get an extra 'an'. Be ¬ ga Sehing Saduan. Sadu saduan means means peaceful and tranquil pat ¬ tem. End of its popular Saduan ¬ Sadon words that mean the place is serene. Starting from it, dae ¬ rah was once a safe and secure place. So ¬ da ancestors chose this place as the upstream tem to build a pat ¬ ¬ ¬ ah bu temple. The reason, building a temple requires physical and mental concentration that is full of Sang Hyang Widhi. And inspiration is not going to happen ¬ ca ¬ pies if the situation is calm.

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Reog Art Ponnorogo

Reog is one of the arts of the native culture of small towns namely Ponorogo. This traditional art often become debates by neighboring countries namely Malaysia that it used to be that mengeklaim is a native culture Reog, Indonesia was able to save but the culture is by registering to Reog United Nations legally-owned cultural and Indonesia.
Essentially made of series of skin Reog bamboo in a form such that it resembles a lion that has fur around the neck that is so dense, and a life in ornaments decorate the reog is a Peacock feather and skin of a tiger. Peacock feathers in the can from the results in the maintenance base of Ngawi and later in awetkan by the craftsmen reog. Then skin the Tiger used to headdresses reog retrieved from a tiger skin is dead, the intent of tiger skin which is dead is dead Tiger by itself without human intervention so that way not breaking the legislation in force in indonesia.
Reog Ponorogo in staging is done by lifting the Reog and bite on the back of his head that resembles a lion who was standing on top of it all, and a Peacock who sits in the neck of the head of a lion.
This culture is often on the encounter on a wide range of celebrations in various areas in Ponorogo plosok not alone but rather in various regions in Indonesia. And once every year as Reog Ponorogo Cultural Center Art Festival held in Indonesia follow Reog different regions all over Indonesia. So with the tersehut arts festival makes Reog is remained in the community and inedible by the globalisation era.

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